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HBO Films: PU-239

Premieres Saturday, November 17, 8pm | Full Schedule
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Scott Z. Burns


HBO: What attracted you to this subject?



Scott Z. Burns
Scott Z. Burns: It was a few things. When I was a little kid growing up in Minnesota there were these tests of the Emergency Broadcast System. And air raid sirens would go off like the first Wednesday of every month. And my father had worked for Honeywell so I had some knowledge of the defense industry and had always been sort of fascinated by the Soviet Union and by nuclear physics, and sort of terrified of the bomb. I think that was always inside of me and part of my growing up in America during the Cold War.

And then I happened across a collection of short stories in a book store in New York one day called PU-239. I purchased the book and read the short story. At the time I was working on a television show with Peter Berg called Wonderland. And I gave Peter the short story, mainly because I just thought it was a great piece of writing. And we started talking about it and he said, Well, do you want to write that as a movie? And I said, Sure. Peter was attached to direct it for a while, but his career sort of took him away from doing a movie of that size. And I was fortunate to find myself in a position where I got to direct it.

HBO: The film balances dark humor with pathos. Was that a conscious choice?

Scott Z. Burns: It may have been the naivete of a first time screenwriter, because this was the first screenplay I ever wrote. I started doing research into Russia in the early 90s, and I found these incredibly absurd Wild West stories. It was a place where these comically diabolical events would transpire, and then also truly heartbreaking things.

Chernobyl itself is frequently cited as one of the contributing factors to the fall of the Soviet Union because it required such mismanagement of information and was so indicative of the level of dishonesty at that point in the Soviet Union.

I went to Russia as a college student in 1980 when it was still Soviet. And the Russians weren't very good at anything. They weren't very good at socialism and I don't think so far they've proven to be much better at capitalism or democracy.

HBO: You've managed to create a likeable lead character out of someone who's engaged in a diabolical deed. Even the Russian wannabe gangster, Shiv, is sympathetic.


Scott Z. Burns: Both characters want to be good providers, but the society is broken around them. The normal kinds of behavior and the normal sorts of pursuits won't get them those things. So they start making compromises and start having to break the rules. And once you start it's very hard to stop.

My hope is that the personal stories and the motivations of the characters would humanize them and make the audience evaluate events that are still going on in the world today. You know, when we look at terrorist behavior and things that are really horrible, sometimes we forget to look at the societies and the conditions that have fostered that behavior.

HBO: How believable is the scenario you've created?

Scott Z. Burns: Well, since the fall of the Soviet Union there have been more than one hundred and ninety cases of people illegally smuggling nuclear material. And that's the number that were caught. So the real number is probably much greater. And some of those have involved weapons-grade plutonium or uranium that was headed in that direction.

I think it is believable and there are markets for it. And even when we were making the movie in Rumania, there was a news report one day that agents had picked up someone for smuggling a radioactive isotope out of Bulgaria into Rumania, and that they traced it back to a nuclear facility in Russia.

And with the amount of corruption in Russia, when you read the experts, most of them are more likely to say 'when' rather than 'if' there will be some sort of use of plutonium or other nuclear isotope, whether it's in a real bomb, or a dirty bomb, or through some means of dispersal.

There are many people who felt that the arms race devastated the Soviet Union, financially, by bankrupting them, which may have worked as a ploy in the Cold War. But the comeuppance of that is that once you've sort of emptied the coffers of your enemy, you now have an enemy that has a collapsing infrastructure that built a lot of bombs.


And the Faustian deal that humanity has made with all things nuclear is one that has this incredible longevity to it, because plutonium lasts for forty thousand years. Have we ever known a political entity that was going to last for forty thousand years or a government that was going to last for forty thousand years that could really be the steward of that kind of power?

Another thing I wanted to accomplish with the film was for American audiences to be able to see how commercial American ideas have their own sort of radioactive pulse, and that they spread out around the world in the same way that radioactivity does. Our music and our commercialism have their own radioactive pulse in the same way that nuclear isotopes do, and that they influence and to some degree, infect everything that comes in contact with them.

HBO: What do you hope audiences will take away from the film?

Scott Z. Burns: I hope people will have more of an awareness of this incredible, frightening power that we have to split atoms and, in a sense, that it's become mundane since the Cold War. And it's not going away. The nuclear calendar is so long and so unforgiving that we've decided to play with something that so outdistances our attention span. And I hope that people pause and focus on that because it seems strange to me that we've lost some of our fear of that.

I also hope people are moved, entertained and informed. And if they walk away from the movie and hug their children, that'll make me happy because I think the movie is about the triumph of family. The smallest and most meaningful unit in any society, regardless of what the government's doing. And that's really important to me because I think that's what's redeeming about the characters in the movie, if there is redemption for them.


Something the Lord Made

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